A point of view shot (also known as POV shot or a subjective camera) is a short film scene that shows what a character (the subject) is looking at (represented through the camera). It is usually established by being positioned between a shot of a character looking at something, and a shot showing the character's reaction .The technique of POV is one of the foundations of film editing.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point_of_view_shot